What is the term for consent that is informed, specific, and given by a parent or guardian if the patient is too young?

• A. Verbal consent
• B. Implied consent
• C. Express consent
• D. Valid consent

Answer: (D)

Consent in dental care must be informed, specific, and given by someone who has the authority to decide for the patient. For a patient who is too young, that authority rests with a parent or guardian. When consent is valid, it means the person giving it understands what will be done, the benefits and risks, and the available alternatives; the consent is clearly for the exact procedure; it is given freely, without pressure; and it comes from the appropriate person. In pediatric dentistry, the parent or guardian provides that consent on the child’s behalf, and the patient should be involved and assent where appropriate. This combination of understanding, specificity, and proper authority is what makes the consent valid.